History of the world - Wikipedia. The history of the world (or world history) describes the history of humanity (or human history) as determined by the study of archaeological and written records, beginning with the invention of writing. The latter period marked a change in human history, as humans began the systematic husbandry of plants and animals. Nomadism continued in some locations, especially in isolated regions with few domesticable plant species. Labour divisions then led to the rise of a leisured upper class and the development of cities. The growing complexity of human societies necessitated systems of writing and accounting. ![]() CE) and the early Italian Renaissance (beginning around 1. CE). However, by the 1. Globalization). In the last quarter- millennium, the rates of growth of population, knowledge, technology, communications, commerce, weapons destructiveness and environmental degradation have greatly accelerated, creating opportunities and perils that now confront the planet's human communities. Anatomically modern humans arose in Africa about 2. Yet, humans had colonized nearly all the ice- free parts of the globe by the end of the Ice Age, some 1. Other hominids such as Homo erectus had been using simple wood and stone tools for millennia, but as time progressed, tools became far more refined and complex. At some point, humans began using fire for heat and cooking. They also developed language in the Palaeolithic period and a conceptual repertoire that included systematic burial of the dead and adornment of the living. Early artistic expression can be found in the form of cave paintings and sculptures made from wood and bone, showing a spirituality generally interpreted as animism, or even shamanism. During this period, all humans lived as hunter- gatherers, and were generally nomadic. Mesopotamia is the site of the earliest developments of the Neolithic Revolution. It has been identified as having . Agriculture also created food surpluses that could support people not directly engaged in food production. The development of agriculture permitted the creation of the first cities. These were centres of trade, manufacturing and political power with nearly no agricultural production of their own. Cities established a symbiosis with their surrounding countrysides, absorbing agricultural products and providing, in return, manufactured goods and varying degrees of military control and protection. Dorama x264 – Download Links, re-encoded Asian Drama Tons of dorama (180MB/episode) from all over Asia available for download (Speedyshare, Hotfile, Rapidgator. Writing was another pivotal development in human history, as it made the administration of cities and expression of ideas far easier. As complex civilizations arose, so did complex religions, and the first of their kind apparently originated during this period. ![]() ![]() Repo Finder provides free repossessed bank cars for sale, bank repossessed cars, credit union repossessions, and ATV repo lists among other repo sales service lists. Download Inazuma Eleven Anime Episodes for FREE, faster than Megaupload or Rapidshare, get your AVI Inazuma Eleven Anime, free Inazuma Eleven download. Plot Summary: Naruto Shippuuden is the continuation of the original animated TV series Naruto.The story revolves around an older and slightly more matured Uzumaki. When a travelling monk is stranded in a wasteland, The Monkey King must escort him across the land to retrieve sacred scriptures and protect him from an evil demon. Typical of the Neolithic was a tendency to worship anthropomorphicdeities. Among the earliest surviving written religious scriptures are the Egyptian Pyramid Texts, the oldest of which date to between 2. BCE. 1. 1,5. 00 years ago, that religion predated the Agricultural Revolution rather than following in its wake, as had generally been assumed. Consult particular article for details. Regions not included in the timeline include: Southern Africa, the Caribbean, Central Asia, Northern Europe,Korea, Oceania, Siberia, Southeast Asia, and Taiwan.
![]() Cradles of civilization. During this era the most fertile areas of the world saw city- states and the first civilizations develop. These were concentrated in fertile river valleys: the Tigris and Euphrates in Mesopotamia, the Nile in Egypt, the Indus in the Indian subcontinent, and the Yangtze and Yellow River in China. Sumer, located in Mesopotamia, is arguably the first known complex civilization. It was in these cities that the earliest known form of writing, cuneiform script, appeared c. These pictorial representations eventually became simplified and more abstract. Cuneiform texts were written on clay tablets, on which symbols were drawn with a blunt reed used as a stylus. Writing made the administration of a large state far easier. Transport was facilitated by waterways—by rivers and seas. The Mediterranean Sea, at the juncture of three continents, fostered the projection of military power and the exchange of goods, ideas, and inventions. This era also saw new land technologies, such as horse- based cavalry and chariots, that allowed armies to move faster. These developments led to the rise of empires. Such extensive civilizations brought peace and stability over wider areas. The first empire, controlling a large territory and many cities, developed in Egypt with the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt c. In the 2. 5th century and 2. BCE, Assyria and the Akkadian Empire, respectively, arose in Mesopotamia. Trade would increasingly become a source of power as states with access to important resources or controlling important trade routes would rise to dominance. BCE, the Kerma Culture developed in Sudan, south of Egypt. During the formative stage in Mesoamerica, (about 1. BCE to 5. 00 CE), more complex and centralized civilizations began to develop, mostly in what is now Mexico, Central America, and Peru. They include civilizations such as the Olmec, Maya, Zapotec, Moche, and Nazca. They developed agriculture as well, growing maize and other crops unique to the Americas, and creating a distinct culture and religion. These ancient indigenous societies would be greatly affected by European contact during the early modern period. Chinese Confucianism. Confucianism would later spread to the Korean Peninsula and toward Japan. In the West, the Greek philosophical tradition, represented by Socrates. Well- trained professional armies, unifying ideologies, and advanced bureaucracies created the possibility for emperors to rule over large domains whose populations could attain numbers upwards of tens of millions of subjects. The great empires depended on militaryannexation of territory and on the formation of defended settlements to become agricultural centres. In southern Europe, the Greeks (and later the Romans), in an era known as . The empire would continue to grow, controlling much of the land from England to Mesopotamia, reaching its greatest extent under the emperor Trajan (d. The Western empire would fall, in 4. CE, to German influence under Odoacer. The eastern empire, now known as the Byzantine Empire, with its capital at Constantinople, would continue for another thousand years, until overthrown by the Ottoman Empire in 1. CE. The Qin dynasty (2. BCE), the first imperial dynasty of China, followed by the Han Empire (2. BCE – 2. 20 CE). The Han Dynasty was comparable in power and influence to the Roman Empire that lay at the other end of the Silk Road. While the Romans constructed a vast military of unprecedented power, Han China was developing advanced cartography, shipbuilding, and navigation. The East invented blast furnaces and were capable of creating finely tuned copper instruments. As with other empires during the Classical Period, Han China advanced significantly in the areas of government, education, mathematics, astronomy, technology, and many others. They minted their own currency, and carved enormous monolithic steles such as the Obelisk of Axum to mark their Emperors' graves. Successful regional empires were also established in the Americas, arising from cultures established as early as 2. BCE. Maya civilization arose as the Olmecmother culture gradually declined. The later empire of the Aztecs was built on neighbouring cultures and was influenced by conquered peoples such as the Toltecs. Some areas experienced slow but steady technological advances, with important developments such as the stirrup and moldboard plough arriving every few centuries. There were, however, in some regions, periods of rapid technological progress. Most important, perhaps, was the Mediterranean area during the Hellenistic period, when hundreds of technologies were invented. These costs fell most heavily on the peasantry, while land- owning magnates increasingly evaded centralized control and its costs. Barbarian pressure on the frontiers hastened internal dissolution. China's Han dynasty fell into civil war in 2. CE, beginning the Three Kingdoms period, while its Roman counterpart became increasingly decentralized and divided about the same time in what is known as the Crisis of the Third Century. The great empires of Eurasia were all located on temperate and subtropical coastal plains. From the Central Asian steppes, horse- based nomads (mainly Mongols and Turks) dominated a large part of the continent. The development of the stirrup and the breeding of horses strong enough to carry a fully armed archer made the nomads a constant threat to the more settled civilizations. The gradual break- up of the Roman Empire. The Western Roman Empire fell under the domination of Germanic tribes in the 5th century, and these polities gradually developed into a number of warring states, all associated in one way or another with the Catholic Church. After the fall of the Eastern Han Dynasty. In 5. 81 the Sui Dynasty successfully reunified the whole of China. The histories even of now small countries often show earlier periods of imperialist expansion. The Roman Empire is merely one of the more memorable and paradigmatic examples of political expansion and contraction. The cycle proceeds on a spatially growing scale. Formerly expansive countries become small relative to greater countries that arise on the periphery. In any historical system, . The era is commonly dated from the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century. The Western Roman Empire fragmented into numerous separate kingdoms, many of which would be later confederated under the Holy Roman Empire. The Eastern Roman, or Byzantine, Empire survived until late in the Middle Ages. The Postclassical period also corresponds to the Early Muslim conquests. South Asia saw a series of middle kingdoms of India, followed by the establishment of Islamic empires in India. In western Africa, the Mali Empire and the Songhai Empire developed. Eyeshield 2. 1 Full episodes streaming online for free. About the Show. Since he was a child, Sena had been bullied into running errands which has given him superb speed which the American football team captain. Since he was a child, Sena had been bullied into running errands which has given him superb speed which the American football team captain wants as part of .
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